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Língua Inglesa / Compreensão de textos escritos em língua inglesa (ênfase em textos técnicos)


How bacteria could solve China’s rush-hour blues As the largest city in southern China, with a population of
around 13 million, Guangzhou has traffic so bad it’s legendary. One
way to alleviate it would be to increase the intelligence of traffic
lights — converting them from dumb beasts that beat out the same
rhythm all day long into dynamic managers of vehicle flow.
And now two Chinese researchers have proved, at least
theoretically, that insights borrowed from the lowly bacterium
Escherichia coli could increase the throughput of a real-world
traffic light in Guangzhou. No one knows what effect this could
have if it were applied to an entire city, but it’s fitting that a solution
from a class of algorithms that seek to mimic the collective behavior
of organisms should be applied to the teeming masses of
Guangzhou’s trucks and automobiles.
Traffic lights around the world, from Guangzhou to
Geneva, are managed by computerized systems in a metal cabinet
at the side of the road, which regulate the cycle of changes from red
to green to red either through fixed time periods, or through sensors
in the road that can detect when a car is stationary. Both options
work well when traffic is low, less so during rush hour, as any
driver will tell you.
The solution proposed for improving flow during high
traffic periods is what’s known as a bacterial foraging Optimization
(BFO) algorithm. The algorithm varies when and for how long a
given light is red or green. So, for example, the algorithm has an
almost traffic cop-like sense for which road at an intersection has a
higher volume of traffic, and when to strategically deprioritize
traffic that may be waiting on a less-used road. Simulations of a
Guangzhou intersection showed that BFO-regulated lights reduce
the average delay of vehicles by over 28% compared with those
regulated by a fixed time cycle. Internet: www.bbc.com (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the items below.

Even though Guangzhou is the largest city in southern China,
its bad traffic is nothing but a legend.

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Fonte: ANALISTA JUDICIáRIO - ANáLISE DE SISTEMAS / CNJ / 2013 / CESPE